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- Vol. 6 Issue 1
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The Rust Tax: Measuring the Cost of Memory Safety and Safely Recovering What You Can
Authors
1 Syncaissa Systems Inc. USA.
Article Information
- Published In
- Volume 6, Issue 1 (2026)
- Published Online
- January-February 2026
- Pages
- 40-54
- Article Type
- Original Article
References
1. GitHub Issue #77767: Code bloat from monomorphization of methods applied to arrays.
2. GitHub Issue #83010: Closures in generic code create duplicate monomorphizations.
3. GitHub PR #133883: Remove polymorphization.
4. jemalloc: Scalable concurrent malloc implementation for FreeBSD and Linux. https://github. com/jemalloc/jemalloc
5. mimalloc: Microsoft’s compact general-purpose allocator with excellent performance. https:// github.com/microsoft/mimalloc
6. Ottoni, G. and Maher, B. (2017). “Optimizing Function Placement for Large-Scale Data-Center Ap- plications.” Proc. IEEE/ACM Int. Symp. Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), pp. 233–244. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGO.2017.7863743
7. Panchenko, M., Auler, R., Nell, B., and Ottoni, G. (2019). “BOLT: A Practical Binary Optimizer for Data Centers and Beyond.” Proc. IEEE/ACM Int. Symp. Code Generation and Optimization (CGO),pp. 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGO.2019.8661201
8. Pettis, K. and Hansen, R. C. (1990). “Profile Guided Code Positioning.” Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Conf. Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), pp. 16–27. https://doi.org/10. 1145/93542.93550
9. rust-lang/rust: Official Rust compiler source code and standard library. https://github.com/ rust-lang/rust
10. Rust Performance Book. https://nnethercote.github.io/perf-book/
11. Shen, H., Pszeniczny, K., Lavaee, R., Kumar, S., Tallam, S., and Li, X. D. (2023). “Propeller: A Profile Guided, Relinking Optimizer for Warehouse-Scale Applications.” Proc. 28th ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), vol. 2. https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575727
12. The Rust Programming Language. https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/
13. The Rustonomicon: The Dark Arts of Unsafe Rust. https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/
14. Wang, B., et al. (2022). “Understanding and Detecting Real-World Safety Issues in Rust.” IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2022).
2. GitHub Issue #83010: Closures in generic code create duplicate monomorphizations.
3. GitHub PR #133883: Remove polymorphization.
4. jemalloc: Scalable concurrent malloc implementation for FreeBSD and Linux. https://github. com/jemalloc/jemalloc
5. mimalloc: Microsoft’s compact general-purpose allocator with excellent performance. https:// github.com/microsoft/mimalloc
6. Ottoni, G. and Maher, B. (2017). “Optimizing Function Placement for Large-Scale Data-Center Ap- plications.” Proc. IEEE/ACM Int. Symp. Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), pp. 233–244. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGO.2017.7863743
7. Panchenko, M., Auler, R., Nell, B., and Ottoni, G. (2019). “BOLT: A Practical Binary Optimizer for Data Centers and Beyond.” Proc. IEEE/ACM Int. Symp. Code Generation and Optimization (CGO),pp. 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/CGO.2019.8661201
8. Pettis, K. and Hansen, R. C. (1990). “Profile Guided Code Positioning.” Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Conf. Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), pp. 16–27. https://doi.org/10. 1145/93542.93550
9. rust-lang/rust: Official Rust compiler source code and standard library. https://github.com/ rust-lang/rust
10. Rust Performance Book. https://nnethercote.github.io/perf-book/
11. Shen, H., Pszeniczny, K., Lavaee, R., Kumar, S., Tallam, S., and Li, X. D. (2023). “Propeller: A Profile Guided, Relinking Optimizer for Warehouse-Scale Applications.” Proc. 28th ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), vol. 2. https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575727
12. The Rust Programming Language. https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/
13. The Rustonomicon: The Dark Arts of Unsafe Rust. https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/
14. Wang, B., et al. (2022). “Understanding and Detecting Real-World Safety Issues in Rust.” IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2022).
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